The evolution of the automatic watch movement is a fascinating chapter in watch history that deserves more recognition. It's a story of innovation, perseverance, and the power of human ingenuity. A century ago, in 1926, John Harwood and Fortis revolutionized mechanical watchmaking with the invention of the automatic wristwatch. This groundbreaking development addressed a fundamental issue in the industry: the daily manual winding required to keep mechanical watches alive. The crown, a necessary component, was also a liability, exposing the movement to dust and moisture over time. Harwood's genius lay in his solution to this problem. He envisioned a watch that could generate its own energy through the natural movement of the wearer's wrist, eliminating the need for a crown. This concept, patented in 1924, was a game-changer. However, turning this idea into a practical, reliable product required immense technical expertise and industrial execution. Fortis, with its manufacturing infrastructure and engineering capabilities, became the perfect partner for Harwood. Together, they tackled the challenges of creating a self-winding wristwatch, ensuring its durability and reliability. On July 13, 1926, the first Fortis Harwood automatic wristwatches rolled off the assembly line in Grenchen, Switzerland. These watches were groundbreaking, featuring no crown and a unique self-winding mechanism. The partnership between Harwood and Fortis not only brought the automatic watch to market but also set the stage for its dominance in the industry. The evolution of the automatic winding system continued, with full rotors replacing the bumper system, improving efficiency and power reserves. Movements became thinner, more precise, and the central principle remained: mechanical watches could harness the energy of the wearer's motion. The success of the automatic watch movement is evident in its longevity and influence. Despite the rise of quartz watches, the automatic movement has endured and remains a cornerstone of modern watchmaking. Its impact is felt in every rotor that spins within an automatic watch, from Miyota and Seiko to high-end tourbillons. The story of the automatic watch is a testament to human ingenuity and the power of innovation. It's a reminder that sometimes, the most significant breakthroughs come from addressing fundamental issues and challenging long-held assumptions. As we celebrate the centenary of the automatic wristwatch, let's appreciate the vision of John Harwood and Fortis, and the countless watchmakers who have built upon their legacy. The automatic movement has not only made mechanical watches more practical but has also transformed the relationship between the wearer and their timepiece, making it a true masterpiece of engineering and design.
